Learning About Signs of Eating Disorders in Teens
Eating disorders are fairly common. You’ve likely heard of anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Binge eating disorder is another lesser known diagnosis. It shares many symptoms with bulimia but does not include compensatory (i.e. purging) behaviors. If you worry your child might have an eating disorder, it’s important to learn the signs of eating disorders in teens.
Types of Eating Disorders
To understand the signs of eating disorders in teens, it helps to know what each eating disorder looks like and how they are different from each other.
The three main types of eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder. There are two other types of eating disorders too, but they mostly serve as general categories for cases that don’t fit neatly into the main three.
Anorexia Nervosa
To be diagnosed with anorexia, a teen must maintain a weight well below healthy levels. Anorexic teens also have an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted view of their body. Though past criteria for anorexia included loss of menstruation, that is no longer required. It is important to note that while anorexia is most common in girls, anorexia affects boys as well.
Bulimia Nervosa
Bulimia, like anorexia, is marked by a fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image. However, instead of being underweight, teens with bulimia are usually of normal weight or slightly above a healthy weight. They often binge eat when upset or hungry and then feel compelled to compensate through purging. Purging can include vomiting, laxatives, excessive exercise, or fasting.
Binge Eating Disorder
This disorder involves consuming large amounts of food in response to emotional triggers. Unlike bulimia, teens with binge eating disorder do not attempt to purge after overeating. However, like bulimia, teens with Binge Eating Disorder also have feelings of shame, guilt, and disgust after overeating.
Why Early Recognition of Signs of Eating Disorders in Teens Matters
Eating disorders are dangerous and need immediate attention. Anorexia can lead to life-threatening starvation, while bulimia can cause severe electrolyte imbalances and even death. Binge eating disorder can result in long-term health problems and emotional distress.
Getting Help for Your Teen
If you notice signs of eating disorders in your teen, take action quickly. Talk to your pediatrician and seek professional counseling. Your teen is still the same amazing person underneath it all, and with the right support, they can recover.
Helping teens grow and families improve connection,
Lauren Goodman, MS, MFT